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Evolution in Structural and Optical Properties of Stannic Oxide Xerogel upon Heat Treatment
Author(s) -
Wu NaeLih,
Wu LiFu,
Rusakova Irene A.,
Hamed Alejandro,
Litvinchuk Alexader P.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb01724.x
Subject(s) - microstructure , crystallization , materials science , oxide , absorption edge , shrinkage , grain growth , absorption (acoustics) , enhanced data rates for gsm evolution , grain size , raman spectroscopy , chemical engineering , mineralogy , metallurgy , composite material , chemistry , band gap , optics , telecommunications , physics , optoelectronics , computer science , engineering
Upon consecutive heat treatments at increasing temperatures, the microstructure of solution–sol–gel‐derived stannic oxide (SnO 2 ) xerogel evolves in three stages: (I) below 300°C, characterized by extensive dehydroxylation and gel shrinkage with little grain growth and surface loss; (II) between 300° and 500°C, by extensive crystallization, leading to dramatic surface loss (by 70%); and (III) above 500°C, by grain growth. Concurrently, the UV‐absorption edge shows red shifts during stages I and II and blue shifts during stage III, resulting in distinct color variations. The edge displacement bears a close correlation with a Raman “defect band” at ∼305–328 cm −1 .