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Lead Zirconate Titanate Prepared from Different Zirconium and Titanium Precursors by Sol‐Gel
Author(s) -
Wu Aiying,
Salvado Isabel M. Miranda,
Vilarinho Paula M.,
Baptista João L.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02671.x
Subject(s) - zirconium , acetylacetone , materials science , titanium , distilled water , sol gel , crystallization , zirconate , inorganic chemistry , chemical engineering , lead zirconate titanate , microstructure , nitric acid , titanate , ceramic , metallurgy , chemistry , nanotechnology , ferroelectricity , chromatography , dielectric , optoelectronics , engineering
Modified sol‐gel processes have been developed for the preparation of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) (52/48) powders. These processes use different starting sources to introduce the titanium and zirconium components, namely tetraethyl orthotitanate, titanium isopropoxide, or titanium diisopropoxide bis(2,4‐pentanedionate) for titanium and zirconium propoxide or zirconium acetylacetonate for zirconium. To achieve stable and homogeneous precursor systems, several solvents (acetic acid, 1,2‐propanediol, propanol, and distilled water) and chemical modifying additives, such as acetylacetone and nitric acid, were also introduced for the preparation processes. The influence of the different precursors on the crystallization behavior of the sol‐gel‐derived powders was studied. Well‐crystallized single‐phase PZT powders were obtained after heat treatment at 600°C for 1 h. The powders obtained sintered well at 1000°C/2 h and a homogeneous microstructure with small grain sizes was obtained.