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Sintering Behavior of Cadmium‐Doped Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbZrO 3 –PbTiO 3 Ceramics
Author(s) -
Cho JeongHo,
Park InKil,
Kim HoGi,
Chung HoonTaek
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb03012.x
Subject(s) - sintering , doping , ceramic , cadmium , materials science , metallurgy , optoelectronics
Substituting Cd 2+ ions into the A and B sites in a Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 PbZrO 3 PbTiO 3 (PNNPZPT) ternary perovskite material made it possible to determine the effects of the Cd 2+ ion substitution site on sintering behavior. The substitution site of the Cd 2+ ion was identified by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra. Although Cd 2+ ions were substituted into the A and B sites in PNNPZPT, the Cd 2+ ions preferred the A site over the B site. When Cd 2+ ions replaced Pb 2+ ions, a weight gain was observed during sintering. On the other hand, replacing Ni2 ions with Cd 2+ ions promoted weight loss. Those weight changes indicated that Cd 2+ ions change the bonding strength between the B‐site cations and the oxygen of the octahedron in a perovskite structure. Density was influenced by the Cd 2+ ion substitution site, and the A‐site‐doped compositions had higher densities than the B‐site‐doped compositions.