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Preparation of Copper‐Ruby Glasses by Sputtering: The Effect of Atmosphere on the Growth of Copper Particles
Author(s) -
Akai Tomoko,
Yamanaka Hiroshi,
Wakabayashi Hajimu
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1996.tb08517.x
Subject(s) - sputtering , copper , nucleation , materials science , atmosphere (unit) , reducing atmosphere , hydrogen , metallurgy , absorption (acoustics) , chemical engineering , chemistry , composite material , thin film , nanotechnology , thermodynamics , physics , organic chemistry , engineering
Copper‐ruby glasses were prepared by the sputtering method and the effect of reducing treatment was examined. The reducing was carried out either during sputtering or heat treatment. Optical absorption was related to the growth of copper particles. The results are summarized as follows: (i) the volume fraction of copper particles in the glasses which are heat‐treated in air increases with the addition of hydrogen in the sputtering gas. (ii) The copper particles do not grow larger than 8 nm by heat treatment in reducing atmosphere, whereas they grow as large as 12 nm in air. (iii) Reducing during heat treatment gives a pronounced effect only when sputtering was not carried out under reducing conditions. The origin of these phenomena was also discussed, considering the mechanism of nucleation and growth of copper particles.