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Microstructural Evolution during Pressureless Sintering of Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate Ceramics with Excess Lead(II) Oxide
Author(s) -
Akbas Mehmet A.,
McCoy Michael A.,
Lee William E.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08679.x
Subject(s) - materials science , sintering , lead zirconate titanate , eutectic system , lead oxide , ceramic , lead titanate , pellets , quenching (fluorescence) , lanthanum , mineralogy , amorphous solid , titanate , metallurgy , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , composite material , ferroelectricity , microstructure , crystallography , inorganic chemistry , dielectric , chemistry , chromatography , physics , optoelectronics , quantum mechanics , engineering , fluorescence
The early stages of sintering of lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) 9/65/35 † ceramics prepared with 10 wt% excess PbO were monitored by quenching uniaxially pressed pellets after a variety of heat treatments. TEM revealed a PbO‐rich amorphous film covering the particle surfaces and interparticle porosity in pellets quenched after 5 min at 1125° to 1180°C. This amorphous phase is indicative of the presence of a high‐temperature liquid phase with composition approximately Pb 0.87 Zr 0.15 Ti 0.04 O 1.19 . The liquid composition moves toward the PbO‐TiO 2 eutectic as sintering progresses. After 10 to 30 min at 1180°C, the liquid composition was approximately Pb 0.9 Zr 0.04 Yi 0.06 O l.1 and crystallized on quenching. High densities of dislocations with b̄= 1/2〈110〉 and low‐angle boundaries were observed in samples quenched from 1180°C after 10 to 30 min. Mechanisms for the formation of these dislocations are suggested.