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Effect of Reoxidation on the Grain‐Boundary Acceptor‐State Density of Reduced BaTiO 3 Ceramics
Author(s) -
Ho InChyuan,
Fu ShenLi
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb07869.x
Subject(s) - acceptor , grain boundary , barium titanate , annealing (glass) , materials science , ceramic , doping , oxygen , analytical chemistry (journal) , mineralogy , chemistry , metallurgy , condensed matter physics , microstructure , physics , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , chromatography
To investigate the effect of reoxidation on the grain‐boundary acceptor‐state density of reduced barium titanate, n ‐doped BaTiO 3 ceramics are sintered in a reducing atmosphere (2% H 2 + 98% N 2 ) and then annealed in oxygen. After annealing at 1150°C for different times, the experimental results show a relationship between temperature‐averaged acceptor‐state density and annealing time as N s = N so Bt 1/n with n between 2 and 3. An inherent acceptorstate density N so = 4.25 × 10 12 cm −2 is obtained with an increase rate B = 4.8 × 10 12 cm −2 . min −1/3 , when n reaches 3. The inherent grain‐boundary acceptor states in the reduced n ‐doped BaTiO 3 ceramics are believed not due to adsorbed oxygen ions.