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Electromechanical Determination of the High‐Field Phase Transition of Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 –(Ba,Sr)TiO 3 Relaxor Ferroelectrics
Author(s) -
Pilgrim Steven M.,
Massuda Mona,
Sutherland Audrey E.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb07225.x
Subject(s) - electrostriction , materials science , polarization (electrochemistry) , condensed matter physics , phase transition , piezoelectricity , analytical chemistry (journal) , ceramic , mineralogy , transition temperature , transverse plane , physics , superconductivity , chemistry , composite material , structural engineering , chromatography , engineering
Ceramics in the (1 – x )[(1 – y )Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 · y PbTiO 3 ] · x MeTiO 3 system, where Me is Sr or Ba, exhibit very large electrostrictive strains at reasonable drive fields. However, the optimum use temperature and frequency vary with the particular composition used. As relaxor ceramics, each composition has a broad transition from electrostrictive to partially piezoelectric behavior. The transition temperature ( T t ) can be roughly determined from strain or polarization properties; however, it can be more quantitatively determined from the effective electro‐mechanical Q . A plot of induced transverse strain/induced polarization squared (effective Q 12 ) as a function of temperature shows a sharp and unmistakable change in slope—this defines T t . The slope of induced transverse strain/polarization (effective g 31 ) also shows a change in slope at T t , although this is more gradual than that of effective Q . The indicated T t correlates with those found from measurement of strain and polarization.