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Foaming in Glass Melts Produced by Sodium Sulfate Decomposition under Ramp Heating Conditions
Author(s) -
Kim DongSang,
Hrma Pavel
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb04371.x
Subject(s) - sulfate , sodium sulfate , mass fraction , solubility , soda lime glass , soda lime , materials science , foaming agent , fraction (chemistry) , decomposition , chemistry , chemical engineering , composite material , sodium , chromatography , metallurgy , porosity , organic chemistry , engineering
Ramp heating a glass batch with sulfate permits determination of the foaming temperature and maximum foam height as a function of sulfate addition. Experiments revealed that, in the soda–lime glass studied, foam was produced when the mass fraction of SO 3 in the glass was higher than 0.0027. With increasing sulfate content, the foaming temperature decreased and the maximum foam height increased until the mass fraction of SO 3 was 0.01. Further additions of sulfate had little effect on foaming temperature and decreased maximum foam height. The results are discussed in terms of sulfate solubility and nonequilibrium effects.