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Temperature Dependence of Ultra‐Low‐Frequency Dielectric Relaxation of Barium Titanate Ceramic
Author(s) -
Chu Fan,
Sun HongTao,
Zhang LiangYing,
Yao Xi
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1992.tb04368.x
Subject(s) - dielectric , relaxation (psychology) , barium titanate , curie temperature , atmospheric temperature range , cole–cole equation , condensed matter physics , ceramic , materials science , range (aeronautics) , ferroelectric ceramics , activation energy , ferroelectricity , nuclear magnetic resonance , chemistry , thermodynamics , ferromagnetism , optoelectronics , composite material , physics , psychology , social psychology
Based on a linear voltage ramp method, ultraslow dielectric relaxation of undoped BaTiO 3 ceramic has been carefully measured over the temperature range between − 180° and +120°C. Temperature dependence of the dielectric constant in the frequency range from 10 −5 to 10 −1 Hz can be obtained using Kramers–Kronig equations. Close to the Curie temperature, the dielectric constant increases so rapidly that the Curie peak is overwhelmed. Two kinds of relaxation processes were observed in this experiment. Ferroelectric domain and mobile charge are proposed to be responsible for the relaxation over the temperature range. With temperature increasing, Maxwell–Wagner relaxation associated with mobile charge gradually dominates. From relaxation time constants at various temperatures, relaxation activation energies about 0.06 and 0.09 eV are identified.