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Polymorphic Phase Transformation of Lead Monoxide and Its Influence on Lead Zirconate Titanate Formation
Author(s) -
Chen SanYuan,
Cheng SyhYuh,
Wang ChienMin
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06498.x
Subject(s) - anatase , materials science , rutile , phase (matter) , titanate , mineralogy , lead zirconate titanate , ball mill , ceramic , chemical engineering , composite material , chemistry , ferroelectricity , photocatalysis , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , dielectric , engineering , catalysis
The polymorphic phase transformation of PbO from massicot to litharge phase is easily produced by mechanical force. The transformation is relatively quick by wet ball‐milling. The additions of TiO 2 and ZrO 2 tend to retard it. A second‐order exponential relation is observed between the fractional conversion and the milling time for pure PbO, PbO‐TiO 2 , and PbO‐ZrO 2 ‐TiO 2 systems with a rutile constituent. This exponential relation is changed into a first‐order logarithmic relation when anatase instead of rutile is used. Although the PbO ss phase is observed irrespective of the phase of the PbO in the raw materials, this PbO ss peak is more obvious when massicot PbO or anatase TiO 2 is used. The formation of PbO ss phase is also dependent on the reactivity of the ZrO 2 , and its presence can affect the formation and piezoelectric properties of PZT ceramics.