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Flaw Generation During Constrained Sintering of Metal‐Ceramic and Metal–Glass Multilayer Films
Author(s) -
Cheng Tsungnan,
Raj Rishi
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06297.x
Subject(s) - sintering , materials science , ceramic , composite material , ultimate tensile strength , tension (geology)
Sintering of symmetrical multilayer films has been studied theoretically and experimentally. Experiments were conducted on ceramic/metal/ceramic and glass/metal/glass films. The sintering rate of free films was compared to the sintering rate of multilayers. The origin of processing flaws was examined. The following results were obtained: (1) Differential sintering rates of the components in the multilayer give rise to in‐plane tensile and compressive stresses. The film that is stressed in tension in the early stage of sintering is most susceptible to fracture. Experiments with ceramic/metal/ceramic multilayer are in agreement with this prediction. (2) A theoretical prediction that the glass/metal/glass multilayer will not develop defects because of a high value of the shear relaxation factor in glass is confirmed by experiments. (3) The likelihood of developing a tensile stress in the multilayer depends only on geometry, the green density, and the ratio of the intrinsic sintering pressures. (4) The in‐plane shrinkage of the multilayer depends on the difference in the free‐sintering rates and the shear relaxation factors, and is reasonably well predicted by the analysis. (5) We have evidence that the metal layer deforms plastically when it is placed in tension by differential sintering.