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Dielectric, Piezoelectric, and Pyroelectric Properties of Lead Zirconate—Lead Zinc Niobate Ceramics
Author(s) -
Takenaka Tadashi,
Bhalla Amar S.,
Cross L. Eric,
Sakata Koichiro
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06261.x
Subject(s) - pyroelectricity , materials science , phase boundary , ferroelectricity , dielectric , zirconate , piezoelectricity , poling , ceramic , antiferroelectricity , figure of merit , curie temperature , dielectric loss , coercivity , phase (matter) , mineralogy , condensed matter physics , composite material , optoelectronics , titanate , chemistry , physics , ferromagnetism , organic chemistry
New piezoelectric and pyroelectric ceramics consisting of antiferroelectric lead zirconate (PZ) and relaxor ferroelectric lead zinc niobate (PZN) are studied from an application view‐point of the field‐induced antiferroelectric‐to‐ferroelectric phase transition. An antiferroelectric‐ferroelectric phase boundary exists in PbZr x (Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) 1−x O 3 (PZZN‐1000x) close to x = 0.93 to 0.94 at room temperature. A new ferroelectric rhombohedral phase change, F α –F′ α , at low temperature is found and studied by the temperature dependence of the pyroelectric coefficient. Electrical poling in these ceramics is easy, and the coercive field E c ∼8 to kV/cm is rather low. Samples with compositions in the range PZZN‐86 to PZZN‐92 have a large electromechanical coupling constant, k (k t and k 15 ∼50% to 60%), and a low dielectric constant, ɛ s (ɛ T 33 /ɛ 0 = 260 to 320, ɛ T 11 /ɛ 0 = 380). PZZN ceramics appear to be potential candidates for high‐frequency ultrasonic transducers used in the thickness shear mode. The pyroelectric figure of merit (F v ) of these ceramics is comparable to the values published for the PZT‐based or PbTiO 3 ‐based materials.