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Structural and Thermodynamic Variation in Nickel Aluminate Spinel
Author(s) -
Mocala Krzysztof,
Navrotsky Alexandra
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06225.x
Subject(s) - spinel , stoichiometry , enthalpy , annealing (glass) , exothermic reaction , octahedron , nial , aluminate , nickel , ion , materials science , crystallography , standard enthalpy of formation , thermodynamics , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , crystal structure , metallurgy , intermetallic , alloy , physics , organic chemistry , chromatography , cement
New structural and calorimetric data for samples of NiAl 2 O 4 quenched from 600° to 1560°C are presented The spinel remains stoichiometric for all heat treatments. Based on the refinement of X‐ray powder patterns, it is shown that the degree of disorder, defined as the mole fraction of tetrahedral sites occupied by Al 3+ , changes from x = 0.82 at 600°C to 0.78 at 1560°C. Simultaneously, the lattice parameter and enthalpy vary in a complex manner with quench temperature. The largest lattice parameter (0.80500 ± 0.00004 nm) and most exothermic enthalpy of annealing (heat released when sample is equilibrated at 780°C; ‐10.1 kJ/mol) occur for the sample quenched from 1100°C. A linear correlation exists between the heat of annealing and the lattice parameter. The results have been interpreted as a superposition of at least two effects: (1) the disordering of Ni 2+ and Al 3+ ions between octahedral (16d) and tetrahedral (8a) sites and (2) a second process, which may be a small amount of the disordering of ions into the usually empty (16c) sites.