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Low‐Temperature Densification of Lead Zirconate‐Titanate with Vanadium Pentoxide Additive
Author(s) -
WITTMER DALE E.,
BUCHANAN RELVA C.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1981.tb09902.x
Subject(s) - coprecipitation , materials science , lead zirconate titanate , sintering , calcination , corundum , pentoxide , vanadium , base (topology) , mineralogy , phase (matter) , ceramic , oxide , metallurgy , dielectric , inorganic chemistry , ferroelectricity , chemistry , mathematical analysis , biochemistry , mathematics , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , catalysis
Additions of 0.1 to 6.0 wt% V 2 O, to lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics promoted rapid densification below 975°C, thereby eliminating the need for PbO atmosphere control The base PZT, Pb(Zr 0.53 Ti 0.47 )O 3 , was prepared by coprecipitation from mixed oxides and butoxides. The V 2 O 5 was incorporated as a batch addition during the PZT coprecipitation process, as mill additions to the calcined precipitated powder, and to a commercial PZT powder. Densification rates were enhanced by the addition of V 2 O 5 (>98% of theoretical density was obtained in ∼15 min at 960°C by the addition of 0.1 to 1.0 wt% V 2 O 5 , compared to 4 h at 1280°C for the base PZT). Dielectric properties and piezoelectric coefficients varied slightly within the optimum range of 0.25 to 1.0 wt% V 2 O 5 addition but were at least comparable to the base PZT. Indications are that V 2 O 5 becomes incorporated into the surface layers of the oxide powders during mixing (or in the coprecipitation process) and that the accelerated densification is due to enhanced surface activation and liquid‐phase sintering.