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Microstructure of Titania‐Opacified Porcelain Enamels
Author(s) -
EPPLER R. A.
Publication year - 1971
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1971.tb16012.x
Subject(s) - frit , crystallization , materials science , microstructure , anatase , rutile , enamel paint , transmission electron microscopy , mineralogy , metallurgy , composite material , chemical engineering , chemistry , nanotechnology , biochemistry , photocatalysis , engineering , catalysis
The microstructure of TiO 2 −opacified porcelain enamels was examined by optical microscopy and by transmission electron microscopy. The mosaic pattern found appears to correspond to the positions of the frit particles from which the enamel was made. Significant differences were observed in the crystallization behavior of adjoining frit particles. There is evidence that rutile grows from frit particle surfaces, whereas anatase is body‐nucleated. The anatase‐to‐rutile inversion is a ripening process rather than a phase transformation. Processes occurring during the firing of a TiO 2 enamel include crystallization from single‐phase glass, crystallization from multiphase glass, and a ripening process.