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A Carbon Arc Image Furnace and Microscope for Studies at High Temperatures
Author(s) -
NEWKIRK H. W.,
BRENDEN B. B.
Publication year - 1960
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1960.tb14329.x
Subject(s) - optical microscope , silicon carbide , microscope , photometry (optics) , materials science , optics , silicon , irradiance , arc lamp , mineralogy , scanning electron microscope , composite material , metallurgy , chemistry , physics , stars , astronomy
A description is given of the optical principles and the operational and radiation characteristics of a 10‐kw. carbon arc image furnace which employs paraboloidal mirrors 12 in. in diameter. The furnace was constructed for use in conjunction with an American Optical Company microscope having a working distance of 7.25 in. and a numerical aperture of 0.1. The maximum irradiance in the image was determined by photometry and by observing the stability of materials of known melting points. The experiments indicate that the maximum irradiance in the image is 2.1 watts per sq. mm., a flux density equivalent to the radiation from a black body at 2200°C. The value of the equipment for microscopy studies was demonstrated by recording on movie film the behavior of mixtures of uranium dioxide with silicon or silicon carbide at high temperatures. Selected photographs from the movie film are included in this paper. Stereo micrographs taken at room temperature show additional detail in the heated samples.