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Formation of BaTiO 3 from BaCO 3 and TiO 2 in Air and in CO 2
Author(s) -
TEMPLETON LIESELOTTE K.,
PASK JOSEPH A.
Publication year - 1959
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1959.tb15455.x
Subject(s) - rutile , atmosphere (unit) , materials science , diffusion , reducing atmosphere , mineralogy , barium titanate , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemical engineering , chemistry , ceramic , metallurgy , thermodynamics , environmental chemistry , physics , engineering
The formation of BaTiO 3 from equimolar BaCO 3 and TiO 2 (rutile) mixtures was studied in air and in CO 2 . A small amount of BaTiO 3 is formed first directly from BaCO 3 and TiO 2 at the surface of contact. From then on it is a diffusion‐controlled reaction, and both BaTiO 3 and Ba 2 TiO 4 are produced, with Ba 2 TiO 4 being formed in much larger amounts. In 1 atmosphere of CO 2 , the intermediate Ba 2 TiO 4 was suppressed up to a temperature of about 1100°C. in agreement with thermodynamic calculations. Ba 2 TiO 4 reacts fast with 1 atmosphere of CO 2 below about 1100°C. to produce BaTiO 3 and BaCO 3