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Specular‐Gloss Measurement of Ceramic Materials
Author(s) -
NIMEROFF I.,
HAMMOND H. K.,
RICHMOND J. C.,
CRANDALL J. R.
Publication year - 1956
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1956.tb15632.x
Subject(s) - gloss (optics) , specular reflection , materials science , ceramic , composite material , optics , physics , coating
A standard specular‐gloss method is required to achieve duplicability between laboratories for the wide range of gloss found in recently developed porcelain enamels. A decision was made to standardize on the gloss scale resulting from the geometry of the 45″ gloss attachment of the Hunter multipurpose reflectometer. As the source and receiver apertures of this instrument were not readily measurable, a goniophotometer was adjusted so that its scale duplicated that of the Hunter instrument. The source and receiver apertures of the adjusted goniophotometer were measured and these were recommended to glossmeter manufacturers for inclusion in the design of their instruments. Significant improvement in the duplicability of specular‐gloss measurements resulted, as evidenced by the measurement of 45″ specular gloss of a large number of ceramic specimens having a wide variety of surface‐appearance characteristics. The recommendations resulting from this investigation have been incorporated, with slight modification, into gloss tests for porcelain enamels proposed by the Porcelain Enamel Institute and the American Society for Testing Materials.