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X‐ray Diffraction Study of the Oxidation Characteristics of Nickel‐Pickled Sheet Iron as Related to Enamel Adherence
Author(s) -
DOUGLAS G. S.,
ZANDER J. M.
Publication year - 1951
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1951.tb13029.x
Subject(s) - pickling , nickel , oxide , metallurgy , materials science , nickel oxide , layer (electronics) , enamel paint , metal , composite material
A systematic X‐ray diffraction study was made of the effect of nickel pickling on (1) the oxidation of bare enameling iron and (2) the reactions taking place under ground‐coat enamels. Nickel pickling reduces the amount of oxide formed during the heat‐up part of the firing cycle and favors the formation of Fe 3 O 4 , rather than of FeO. Since less oxide is formed on nickel pickled steel, the enamel can completely dissolve the initial oxide layer in a shorter time or at a lower temperature. With a typical high‐temperature ground coat, the time and temperature conditions required for adherence development can be correlated with the conditions required for removal of the oxide layer. With a low‐temperature ground coat, however, complete solution of the initial oxide layer does not insure adherence unless nickel pickling is used. Possible explanations for this latter effect exerted by nickel pickling are discussed. Metallic precipitates have been found in normal ground coats regardless of whether adherence is good or poor.