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THE MINERAL CONSTITUTION OF VARIOUS CERAMIC CLAYS *
Author(s) -
Grim R. E.,
Bray R. H.
Publication year - 1936
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1936.tb19841.x
Subject(s) - clay minerals , kaolinite , mineralogy , montmorillonite , mica , diaspore (botany) , mineral , sericite , geology , illite , silicate , chemistry , geochemistry , quartz , biological dispersal , paleontology , population , demography , organic chemistry , seed dispersal , sociology
A bstract The mineral constitution of samples of ball clay, china clay, Vallendar clay, flint clay, diaspore, shales, brick clays, and fuller's earth has been determined by means of optical, chemical, and X‐ray analyses following supercentrifuge fractionation. This technique permits the mineralogical identification of the constituents of the finest fractions, i.e. , the so‐called colloid fractions of clay materials. Each of the clays investigated, with the exception of diaspore, is essentially composed of one or more of the group of minerals known as the clay minerals, of which kaolinite, beidellite, montmorillonite, and a sericite‐like mica are the most important. On the basis of the foregoing analytical data, the distribution of clay minerals in clays of different types and in different size grade fractions is investigated. The relation between the clay mineral constitution and physical properties is also briefly considered. Base‐exchange capacity determinations are presented and their significance in relation to the mineral composition and physical properties of clays is discussed.