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THE DETERMINATION BY X‐RAY METHODS OF CRYSTALLINE COMPOUNDS CAUSING OPACITY IN ENAMELS *
Author(s) -
Andrews A. I.,
Clark G. L.,
Alexander H. W.
Publication year - 1933
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1933.tb19249.x
Subject(s) - antimony , tin , zirconium , antimony oxide , fluoride , tin oxide , oxide , materials science , inorganic chemistry , metallurgy , chemistry
The crystalline compounds present in vitreous enamels were determined by X‐ray methods, particular reference being given to the opacifiers. It was shown that tin is present in enamels as crystalline tin oxide and antimony as the crystalline antimony pentoxide. Fluorspar added to the enamel contributes crystalline calcium fluoride. Cryolite and sodium silicofluoride contribute crystalline sodium fluoride. Other opacifiers and compounds such as zirconiuni oxide, zirconium silicatc, calcium phosphate, arsenic oxide, and zinc sulfide added to enamels were studied. With the exception of the zirconium opacity the compounds causing opacity in enamels were identified alone and in the presence of other opacifiers.