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THE HEAT REQUIRED TO FIRE CERAMIC BODIES 1
Author(s) -
MacGee A. Ernest
Publication year - 1926
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1926.tb18328.x
Subject(s) - endothermic process , exothermic reaction , mineralogy , chemistry , gram , materials science , metallurgy , composite material , organic chemistry , adsorption , geology , paleontology , bacteria
A differential thermal method for determining interval specific heats of ceramic materials is described. The specific heat of the unknown is determined by comparing its temperature to that of quartz after each sample has been subjected to a definite heat treatment. This method shows the number of calories required to heat one gram of the material in question from 0 to t°C, accounting for all thermal processes which the material may undergo during the heating process. It shows the temperatures at which the various thermal processes begin and end as well as the quantitative figures for the more pronounced of these thermal processes. The kaolin, ball, flint, and diaspore clays undergo an endothermic reaction at about 575°C which amounts to “60 to 130” calories per gram of the air dried material. They undergo an exothermic reaction at about 960°C which amounts to about 25 calories per gram of the air dried material. About 510 calories are required to heat one gram of any firebrick body from 25 to 1200°C, the specific heat over this interval being about 43. About 500 calories are required to heat one gram of any kaolin or ball clay from 0–1000°C, the specific heat over this interval being about 5. About 290 calories are required to heat one gram of flint or feldspar from 0–1050°C, the specific heat over this interval being about 28. Instead of the kiln efficiencies being about 22% as was previously believed, this work proved them to be about 35%.