Premium
THE RELATION OF TEXTURE AND COMPOSITION OF CLAYS 1
Author(s) -
Grout Frank F.
Publication year - 1924
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1924.tb18441.x
Subject(s) - kaolinite , bentonite , limonite , clay minerals , mineralogy , texture (cosmology) , quartz , geology , illite , fraction (chemistry) , materials science , chemistry , hematite , metallurgy , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , artificial intelligence , computer science , image (mathematics)
Twelve Minnesota clays of diverse origin and character, which had been analyzed, were separated mechanically into five fractions, from coarse sand to fine clay, and each fraction was analyzed. Silica is at a maximum in the find sand portion of most clays. Alumina, iron oxides and potash are at a minimum in this portion, but while they rise a little in the coarse sand, they reach their highest proportion in the find clay portion. Other oxides show less regularity. An estimate of the minerals is made on the basis of all available information though it may never be possible to tell how much colloidal material is present, making the calculation inaccurate. It seems clear that kaolinite and limonite are larger in clays than in silts, while quartz and carbonates are smaller. Others are less regular. A detailed comparison of “fluxing constituents” and the temperatures of viscous fusion, led to the suggestion that the behavior of a clay in firing is determined not so much by the total fluxes as by the proportion of fluxes in the fine clay fraction. If this proves to be true, as it seems to be in the Minnesota clays, it should be possible to foretell more accurately than heretofore, the thermochemical and physical changes, on the basis of preliminary laboratory work. Not only the firing of the clay itself, but its effect on admixtures of other clays and its modification by washing can be fairly well estimated from a combined mechanical and chemical test.