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SOLUBLE SALTS AND CLAY WARES *
Author(s) -
Parmrlee Cullen W.
Publication year - 1922
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1922.tb17439.x
Subject(s) - efflorescence , chemistry , sulfur , sodium , sodium sulfate , sulfate , chloride , coating , mineralogy , inorganic chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , engineering
A résumé of the present knowledge of the causes and the prevention of “Scum” and “Efflorescence.” It is proposed that the term “Efflorescence” be restricted to designate the surface deposits appearing because of the presence of soluble salts in the clays or burned wares and that the term “Scum” be used to describe the salts formed by the action of gases upon the wares during the drying or burning operations. Mention is made of the formation of a surface coating upon the ware soon after the kiln is opened, sometimes not appearing until some days after the ware is removed from the kiln. This scum is readily and permanently removed by the application of water. Such a residue was found to consist of sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. It is suggested that its formation was due to the presence of sodium chloride in the fuel and its subsequent deposition on the burned ware where it was changed in part to the sulfate by the action of the oxides of sulfur evolved from the fuel.