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Observations on some physiological variations in frogs and toads, with special reference to the gastric mucosa.
Author(s) -
BRADFORD NORAH M.,
CRANE E. E.,
DAVIES R. E.
Publication year - 1950
Publication title -
proceedings of the zoological society of london
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.915
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1469-7998
pISSN - 0370-2774
DOI - 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1950.tb00657.x
Subject(s) - biology , stomach , toad , hibernation (computing) , gastric mucosa , physiology , respiration , zoology , anatomy , ecology , medicine , state (computer science) , biochemistry , algorithm , computer science
Summary.1 Methods are described for the maintenance of captive frogs and toads in a normal healthy condition in an outdoor froggery, and for feeding them. Toads were kept in a prime condition much more easily than frogs. 2 Dimensions and structural details are given of a convenient travelling box for these amphibia. 3 Many more males than females were captured: 73 per cent. of the frogs and 84 per cent. of the toads used for experiments were male. 4 Seasonal and sexual variations of the body weight and of the dry and wet weights of gastric mucosae, and their relations, are described. While the body weights of male and female frogs were highest just before and after hibernation, the gastric mucosae weight was highest in early summer. 5 Results are given for the rate of respiration and the rate of hydrochloric‐acid secretion by isolated frog and toad gastric mucosa and of their variations. The average rates of respiration and of acid secretion of isolated frog gastric mucosae were lowest in winter. The percentage of these mucosae which secreted acid was greatest in spring and autumn. The average rate of respiration of isolated toad gastric mucosae was about the same as that of isolated frog gastric mucosae, but the average rate of acid secretion was nearly twice as great. 6 The incidence is given of stomach nodules, parasitic infections of the stomach and gastric ulcers, for both male and female frogs and toads.