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Different iodine and thyroid hormone levels between Atlantic halibut larvae fed wild zooplankton or Artemia from first exogenous feeding until post metamorphosis
Author(s) -
Solbakken J. S.,
Berntessen M. H. G.,
Norberg B.,
Pittman K.,
Hamre K.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
journal of fish biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.672
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1095-8649
pISSN - 0022-1112
DOI - 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb02481.x
Subject(s) - halibut , biology , zooplankton , hippoglossus hippoglossus , metamorphosis , hatching , calanus , zoology , larva , fishery , crustacean , copepod , ecology , fish <actinopterygii>
The iodine concentration in wild zooplankton was 700 times higher than in Artemia and threefold higher in Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus larvae fed wild zooplankton than in those fed Artemia . In larvae fed wild zooplankton thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were significantly higher than in those fed Artemia at the commencement of metamorphosis, 68–77 days post hatching. There was no difference in the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine levels in larvae fed Artemia in comparison with those fed wild zooplankton. The selenium level was significantly higher in larvae fed Artemia than in those fed wild zooplankton, but concentrations in the prey were not different. The results indicate sufficient amounts of phenylalanine, tyrosine and selenium in Artemia , but indicated a lower thyroid status due to an insufficient iodine supply at commencement of metamorphosis in larvae fed Artemia . This may partly explain the higher frequency of juveniles with complete eye migration and asymmetric pigmentation in the group fed wild zooplankton.