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Evolutionary relationships of the Lake Malawi Oreochromis species: evidence from allozymes
Author(s) -
Sodsuk P. K.,
McAndrew B. J.,
Turner G. F.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
journal of fish biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.672
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1095-8649
pISSN - 0022-1112
DOI - 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01899.x
Subject(s) - biology , oreochromis , monophyly , zoology , sister group , mullet , tilapia , species complex , ecology , phylogenetic tree , clade , fishery , genetics , fish <actinopterygii> , gene
Three tilapiine species belonging to the endemic Lake Malawi species flock known as‘ chambo’ Oreochromis ( Nyasalapia ) karongae , O. (N.) lidole and O. (N.) squamipinnis and the species Oreochromis (Oreochromis) shiranus were collected from the wild. These four species were analysed at 43 enzyme loci using starch gel electrophoresis. No significant deviations from Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium were observed after correcting for multiple simultaneous testing. The expected heterozygosity ( H e ) was lowest in O. (O.) shiranus ( H e =0.082). The three chambo species had higher levels: H e =0.103 to H e =0.116. The three chambo species as a whole were polymorphic (99%) at 16 different loci sharing 10 of these in common. No fixed differences between the three chambo species were observed but highly significant allele frequency differences existed between all the chambo species. The F ST calculated for the three chambo species was 0051, closer to intra‐specific than to inter‐specific levels. O. (O.) shiranus could be clearly separated from all chambo species at five fixed loci. Comparison of the allozyme data from these species with five species from the same sub genera support the hypothesis that the chambo form a monophyletic group and that O. (N.) macrochir or a related species represents the sister taxon.