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The effect of copper, hardness and pH on the growth of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri
Author(s) -
Waiwood K. G.,
Beamish F. W. H.
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
journal of fish biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.672
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1095-8649
pISSN - 0022-1112
DOI - 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1978.tb03472.x
Subject(s) - salmo , rainbow trout , copper , biology , growth rate , zoology , hard water , trout , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , metallurgy , chemistry , materials science , geometry , mathematics , organic chemistry
Rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ) were held at a ked ration and activity regime and were exposed to a number of copper, pH and hardness combinations. Growth rate, appetite and gross conversion efficiency were determined over three consecutive 10‐day periods of exposure. Growth rate was most affected during the first 10 days of exposure and partial or complete recovery was observed thereafter. For a given pH, less copper was required to reduce growth by a given amount at low than at high levels of hardness. At a given hardness, copper‐induced depressions in growth rate were more pronounced and recovery slower in a low than in a high pH. No distinction could be made among total soluble or extractable copper but predicted concentrations of six specific cupric ions varied with pH and hardness. Regression analysis indicated that only Cu 2+ and CuOH + could be significantly correlated with growth rate.