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Early ProInflammatory Cytokine Expression During Mucosal Wound Healing
Author(s) -
Sharma R.,
Engeland C.G.,
Fang Z.,
Marucha P.T.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130215ab.x
Subject(s) - wound healing , proinflammatory cytokine , cytokine , alpha (finance) , medicine , basal (medicine) , gene expression , inflammation , beta (programming language) , immunology , pathology , biology , gene , surgery , genetics , construct validity , insulin , computer science , patient satisfaction , programming language
Proinflammatory cytokines (such as IL‐1 [alpha], IL‐1 [beta]) have been shown to play a significant role in early stages of wound healing. Previous studies also indicate that mucosal wounds heal faster in males. The purpose of this study was to assess gene expression of inflammatory cytokines before and during wound healing. Younger and older volunteers received two small oral wounds on the hard palate. One of the wounds (3.5 mm in diameter) was videographed daily until healed. The other wound (1 × 5 mm) was biopsied either 6 or 24 h postwounding. Real‐time PCR (ABI Prism 7000 SDS) was performed on the unwounded and wounded tissues to study gene expression. Preliminary analyses revealed that compared to unwounded tissue, wounding induced rapid gene expression for these cytokines. In males, IL‐1 [beta] gene expression peaked at 6 h and was higher than in females. Since males have been shown to heal this type of wound faster than females, this earlier peak of IL‐1 [beta] may be beneficial to wound healing. Regardless of gender, IL‐1ra and IL‐1 [alpha] levels peaked at 6 and 24 h, respectively. Interestingly, cytokine levels in unwounded tissue correlated with wound healing parameters (e.g., wound sizes, time to heal), but in females only. Specifically, women with higher basal levels of IL‐1 [beta] and IL‐1ra, and lower levels of IL‐1 [alpha] tended to heal faster. Thus, the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes in unwounded mucosal tissue may play a determinant role in wound healing outcomes. (Supported by NIH P50 DE‐13749)