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Lower Expression of P‐Selectin may Modulate the Fetal Inflammatory Response:
Author(s) -
Zhu X.,
Cass D.,
Smith C.W.,
Olutoye O.O.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.0abstractxr.x
Subject(s) - fetus , andrology , endothelium , endothelial stem cell , stimulation , e selectin , p selectin , umbilical vein , immunology , medicine , endocrinology , biology , in vitro , cell adhesion , cell , pregnancy , platelet , biochemistry , genetics , platelet activation
Fetal dermal wound healing is characterized by a minimal inflammatory response and absence of scar. In order to determine the factors contributing to the minimal inflammatory response in the fetus, the role of P‐selectin in the interaction and transmigration of leukocytes through vascular endothelium was investigated.
Methods : Primary endothelial monolayers were established from adult porcine central veins and from umbilical veins of mid‐gestation porcine fetuses. The ability of the endothelial cells to capture and enable transmigration of adult leukocytes was studied under flow conditions of 4 dynes/sec, with and without prior stimulation of the endothelial cells with TNF‐α or IL‐1β. In addition, P‐selectin mRNA expression was determined by quantitative real time PCR. All data were analyzed by ANOVA.
Results : In response to IL‐1β 10 ng/ml stimulation, adult endothelial cells manifested a 10 fold increase in P‐selectin mRNA expression while fetal endothelial cells mounted only a 3.5 fold increase. 100 ng/ml was required to mount a 10 fold increase in fetal P‐selectin expression while no further increase in adult P‐selectin expression was noted at this dose. Leukocyte capture, demonstrated by rolling of neutrophils over the endothelial surface, was more efficient on adult monolayers compared to the fetus. This is inversely related to the rolling velocity which was significantly slower in the adult (5.3 ± 0.6 vs 12.4 ± 1.0 μm/mm 2 ). Ultimately, the number of neutrophils transmigrating across adult endothelial monolayers under flow conditions was significantly higher compared to the fetal monolayer (199 ± 18 vs 72 ± 9 cells/mm 2 ).
Conclusion : Lower P‐selectin expression on fetal endothelial cells may account, in part, for the minimal inflammatory response noted following fetal dermal injury.