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Co‐stimulation of human breast cancer cells with transforming growth factor‐β and tenascin‐C enhances matrix metalloproteinase‐9 expression and cancer cell invasion
Author(s) -
Ilunga Kalembeyi,
Nishiura Rika,
Inada Hiroyasu,
ElKaref Amro,
ImanakaYoshida Kyoko,
Sakakura Teruyo,
Yoshida Toshimichi
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
international journal of experimental pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.671
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1365-2613
pISSN - 0959-9673
DOI - 10.1111/j.0959-9673.2004.00406.x
Subject(s) - tenascin c , transforming growth factor , stimulation , matrix metalloproteinase , cancer research , metalloproteinase , cancer cell , cancer , tenascin , breast cancer , matrix metalloproteinase 9 , medicine , biology , chemistry , extracellular matrix , microbiology and biotechnology , fibronectin
Summary Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), tenascin‐C (TN‐C) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been demonstrated independently to be associated with disease progression and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. The present study explored effects of TGF‐β and TN‐C on MMP‐9 expression and cancer invasion. An experimental study was designed to analyse MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, known for their high invasiveness, after stimulation with TGF‐β1 and/or TN‐C. TGF‐β1 stimulated TN‐C expression in the cells. Co‐stimulation of MDA‐MB‐231 cells with TN‐C and TGF‐β increased MMP‐9 expression at both the gene (28‐fold) and the protein levels. The in vitro invasion also increased (4‐fold). GM6001 inhibited the invasion induced by the co‐stimulation. The combined effect of TN‐C and TGF‐β resulted in enhanced MMP‐9 expression and cancer invasion in vitro .