Open AccessParticipation of CYP2A in Cocaine‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Female Mice
Author(s) -
Aoki Kimiko,
Takimoto Masafumi,
Ota Hidekazu,
Yoshida Takemi
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
pharmacology & toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1600-0773
pISSN - 0901-9928
DOI - 10.1111/j.0901-9928.2000.870105.x
Subject(s) - phenobarbital , cyp3a , pharmacology , enzyme inducer , dexamethasone , cytochrome p450 , chemistry , inducer , endocrinology , cyp2b6 , demethylation , medicine , cyp3a4 , enzyme , biochemistry , gene expression , dna methylation , gene
Female ICR mice were treated with cocaine either alone or in combination with one of several cytochrome P450 (CYP) inducers, i.e. phenobarbital, β‐ionone, dexamethasone and β‐naphthoflavone. Cocaine‐induced hepatotoxicity was first observed by pretreatment with phenobarbital, β‐ionone or dexamethasone in accordance with significant elevation of cocaine N‐demethylation, the first step of cocaine bioactivation. The hepatic lesions occured in the periportal region (zone 1) by phenobarbital and β‐ionone and in the perivenular region (zone 3) by dexamethasone. The activities of the enzyme specific for CYP isozyme were determined to elucidate the effects of pretreatment with CYP inducers. β‐Naphthoflavone induced CYP1A and 2B but had no effects on hepatotoxicity by cocaine. On the other hand, β‐ionone enhanced hepatotoxicity without induction of CYP3A. Activities of cocaine N‐demethylase correlated well with CYP2A (r=0.83) and CYP2B (r=0.81). Cocaine N‐demethylation was inhibited particularly by addition of the CYP2A specific inhibitor, 8‐methoxypsoralen. Moreover, pretreatment with 8‐methoxypsoralen produced a marked inhibition of the hepatotoxicity induced by cocaine in phenobarbital‐treated mice. These results suggest that cocaine‐induced hepatotoxicity in female mice was mediated in part by CYP2A, participating in cocaine N‐demethylation.