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Hidradenocarcinoma: Criteria for Malignancy and Hypothesis of an Apoeccrine Origin
Author(s) -
Ko C.,
Luo F.,
Cochran A.,
Binder S.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of cutaneous pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1600-0560
pISSN - 0303-6987
DOI - 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.320dr.x
Subject(s) - cytokeratin , pathology , apocrine , keratin , immunohistochemistry , biology , stroma , staining , malignancy , antigen , antibody , medicine , immunology
The immunohistochemical profile of hidradenocarcinoma, defined here as the malignant counterpart of hidradenoma, has not been well characterised. We evaluated the staining pattern of six cases of hidradenocarcinoma using antibodies to gross cystic disease fluid protein‐15 (GCDFP‐15), carcino‐embryonic antigen (CEA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), S‐100 protein, keratin AE1/3, cytokeratin 5/6, p53, bcl‐1, bcl‐2, and Ki67. All tumours were poorly circumscribed with clefting between tumour and stroma, evidence of poroid cells and cuticular cells, decapitation secretion, and increased mitoses with cords of tumour infiltrating through the adjacent desmoplastic stroma. The tumours stained with antibodies to CEA, S‐100 protein, GCDFP‐15, and EMA in no consistent pattern. All tumours studied stained positively for keratin AE1/3 and cytokeratin 5/6. Ki67 and p53 staining were strongly positive in 5 of 6 tumours. Bcl‐1 and bcl‐2 staining were variable. Our study demonstrates that hidradenocarcinomas may have both apocrine and eccrine features within the same tumour and suggests that it may be most accurate to consider that these tumours originate from apoeccrine structures or stem cells with the capacity for pluripotential differentiation.