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Effect of oxybenzone on PGE 2 ‐production in vitro and on plaque and gingivitis in vivo
Author(s) -
Jannesson Lillemor,
Birkhed Dowen,
Scherl Dale,
Gaffar Abdul,
Renvert Stefan
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.0303-6979.2004.00453.x
Subject(s) - dentifrice , gingivitis , in vivo , medicine , dentistry , toothpaste , prostaglandin e2 , in vitro , placebo , dental plaque , chemistry , pathology , fluoride , biology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , inorganic chemistry , alternative medicine
Objectives: To study the effect of oxybenzone on prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) production in cell culture and to evaluate the effect of an oxybenzone‐containing dentifrice on plaque and gingivitis in a 6‐week clinical trial. Material and Methods: Human embryo palatal mesenchyme (HEPM) cells were used for testing the inhibition of IL‐1 β ‐stimulated PGE 2 ‐production in vitro by different concentrations of oxybenzone. For the in vivo study, a total of 66 individuals with a Quigley & Hein plaque index of at least 1.5 and an Ainamo & Bay gingival index of at least 0.2 were included in a double‐blind clinical trial with two cells and a parallel design . Two compositions of fluoride dentifrice were used, one with the addition of 0.5% oxybenzone, and one without. Plaque and gingival index were obtained at three time points: (1) at baseline, (2) after 3 weeks, and (3) after 6 weeks. Results: A dose‐dependent inhibition of PGE 2 ‐production was found in the HEPM cell culture following oxybenzone exposure. In the clinical trial, a 25% reduction of gingival index was observed in the oxybenzone group ( p <0.001) after 6 weeks as compared with 2% for the placebo group. Conclusions: These findings indicate that PGE 2 ‐production is reduced by oxybenzone in vitro and that the use of oxybenzone in a dentifrice reduces gingivitis in vivo.