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Characterization and chemistry of imidazolidinyl urea and diazolidinyl urea
Author(s) -
Lehmann Søren Vig,
Hoeck Ulla,
Breinholdt Jens,
Olsen Carl Erik,
Kreilgaard Bo
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.00735.x
Subject(s) - urea , allantoin , chemistry , hydroxymethyl , formaldehyde , urea formaldehyde , preservative , organic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , layer (electronics) , adhesive
For several decades, the cosmetic preservatives imidazolidinyl urea (IU) and diazolidinyl urea (DU) have not only been poorly characterized but have also had misleading chemical structures assigned to them. The most common trade names of IU and DU are Germall 115 and Germall II, respectively. This publication gives an insight into what these 2 well‐known contact allergens consist of and their degradation patterns. Approximately, 30–40% of both products can be characterized by mixtures of allantoin (synthetic starting material), (4‐hydroxymethyl‐2,5‐dioxo‐imidazolidin‐4‐yl)‐urea (compound HU) and presumably 1‐(3,4‐bis‐hydroxymethyl‐2,5‐dioxo‐imidazolidin‐4‐yl)‐1,3‐bis‐hydroxymethyl‐urea (compound BHU). A full chemical characterization of compound HU is shown. The remaining part of both IU and DU are believed to be polymers of allantoin‐formaldehyde condensation products. The analytical methods used to characterize IU and DU are capillary electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy studies.