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Progress in characterizing the symbiodinium sp. in soritid foraminifera
Author(s) -
Lee J.J.,
Harrison M.,
Byfield C.,
Lee S.,
Médor G.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of phycology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.85
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1529-8817
pISSN - 0022-3646
DOI - 10.1111/j.0022-3646.2003.03906001_93.x
Subject(s) - biology , foraminifera , polyclonal antibodies , symbiodinium , cellulase , botany , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme , antigen , symbiosis , ecology , genetics , biochemistry , bacteria , benthic zone
Various methodological approaches are being used to characterize Symbiodinium spp isolated from Marginopora vertebralis and Amphisorus hemprichii from the Indo‐pacific. While most of the cells in culture are non‐motile vegetative cells, dinospores are occur in batch cultures. We find consistant variance among the isolates in the duration and time of appearance. Nitrate (0.146 mM) supports higher populations of the isolates than does NH4 (0.146 mM). Higher concentrations of NH4 inhibit growth. Although Fensome et al (1993) characterized the Order Suessiales (and Family Symbiodiniaceae) as gymnnodiniphycideans in which the amphiesmal vesicals are arranged in 7–10 longitudinal series we were unable to detect any plates on the surfaces of our isolates in the SEM. Following Klut et al (1988) we unsuccessfuly attempted to reveal plates by using freeze fracture. We were more successful in using various chemical agents (e.g. H2O2, HOCl‐) and enzymes (cellulase, chitinase) to remove surface layers. Amphiesmal plates are present but they are not polygonal or arranged in the patterns anticipated for the Symbiodiniaceae. Polyclonal antibody studies are in agreement with molecular systematic studies in the sense that there is a common relatedness; the foram endosymbiotic dinoflagellates share some common surface antigens with each other and with the one invertebrate isolate we have tested. Studies of the foraminiferal symbionts' plastids revealed considerable morphological diversity. These studies were supported by NIH/NIGMS 08168‐22 and PSC‐CUNY grant 64234‐00 33.