SELF‐IMPOSED SILENCE: PARENTAL ANTAGONISM AND THE EVOLUTION OF X‐CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION | Zendy

Haig David | Zendy

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SELF‐IMPOSED SILENCE: PARENTAL ANTAGONISM AND THE EVOLUTION OF X‐CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION

Author(s) -

Haig David

Publication year - 2006

Publication title -

evolution

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.84

H-Index - 199

eISSN - 1558-5646

pISSN - 0014-3820

DOI - 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01125.x

Subject(s) - biology , x inactivation , genetics , locus (genetics) , allele , x chromosome , genomic imprinting , imprinting (psychology) , xist , gene silencing , chromosome , silence , gene , dna methylation , gene expression , philosophy , aesthetics

A model is proposed for the evolution of X‐chromosome inactivation (XCI) in which natural selection initially favors the silencing of paternally derived alleles of X‐linked demand inhibitors. The compensatory upregulation of maternally derived alleles establishes a requirement for monoallelic expression in females. For this reason, XCI is self‐reinforcing once established. However, inactivation of a particular X chromosome is not. Random XCI (rXCI) is favored over paternal XCI because rXCI reduces the costs of functional hemizygosity in females. Once present, rXCI favors the evolution of locus‐by‐locus imprinting of X‐linked loci, which creates an evolutionary dynamic in which different chromosomes compete to remain active.

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