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THE INHERITANCE OF MODIFIERS CONFERRING SELF‐FERTILITY IN THE PARTIALLY SELF‐INCOMPATIBLE PERENNIAL, CAMPANULA RAPUNCULOIDES L. (CAMPANULACEAE)
Author(s) -
GoodAvila Sara V.,
Stephenson Andrew G.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.84
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1558-5646
pISSN - 0014-3820
DOI - 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb01336.x
Subject(s) - fertility , campanulaceae , biology , heritability , evolutionary biology , demography , botany , population , sociology
The role of partial self‐incompatibility in plant breeding system evolution has received little attention. Here, we examine the genetic basis of modifiers conferring self‐fertility in the creeping bellflower, Campanula rapunculoides L. (Campanulaceae), a partially self‐incompatible herb. A survey of 35 individuals from two natural populations indicates that 45% of them are strongly self‐incompatible, 40% intermediately self‐incompatible, and 15% weakly self‐incompatible and that some plants show a strong breakdown in self‐incompatibility over floral age. We generated 101 F 1 families by random crossing among 31 parental plants and estimated the heritability of self‐fertility in day 1 and day 4 female‐phase flowers, the genetic correlation between day 1 and day 4 self‐fertility, and the coefficient of additive genetic variance of self‐fertility. We use linear regression and data from additional crosses to examine whether there are significant maternal effects in the expression of self‐fertility. We use Fain's test to determine if a major gene influences self‐fertility and, finding no evidence, use data from additional crosses on an F 2 generation to estimate the mean number and dominance of genes conferring self‐fertility. These analyses indicate that the heritability ( h 2 ) of self‐fertility is 0.24 in day 1 female‐phase flowers and 0.44 in day 4 flowers, self‐fertility is primarily additive but shows some recessive effects, and self‐fertility is estimated to be controlled by four genetic factors. In addition, we have evidence that there may be maternal effects for self‐fertility, especially for weakly self‐incompatible plants. The significance of these results in the context of mating system evolution is discussed.