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Human migration networks and policy interventions: bringing population distributions in line with system optimization
Author(s) -
Nagurney Anna,
Daniele Patrizia,
Cappello Giorgia
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international transactions in operational research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.032
H-Index - 52
eISSN - 1475-3995
pISSN - 0969-6016
DOI - 10.1111/itor.12815
Subject(s) - refugee , subsidy , psychological intervention , variational inequality , computer science , mathematical optimization , human welfare , population , intervention (counseling) , welfare , inequality , public economics , management science , economics , operations research , mathematical economics , mathematics , political science , sociology , psychology , mathematical analysis , demography , psychiatry , law , market economy
In this paper, we demonstrate that, through policy interventions, in the form of subsidies, a system‐optimum for a multiclass human migration network can be achieved, despite the migrants, who can be refugees, behaving in a user‐optimized manner. The formulation and analysis are conducted using variational inequality theory. The policy intervention allows governmental decision‐makers to moderate the flow of migrants while enhancing societal welfare. An algorithm is proposed and applied to compute the solutions to a series of numerical examples, with changes in initial populations and utility functions, inspired by a pandemic, followed by a natural disaster.