Open AccessFactors promoting the prolonged shedding of the pandemic ( H1N1 ) 2009 influenza virus in patients treated with oseltamivir for 5 days
Author(s) -
Ryoo Seung M.,
Kim Won Y.,
Sohn Chang H.,
Seo Dong W.,
Oh Bum J.,
Lee Jae H.,
Lee Yoon S.,
Lim Kyoung S.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
influenza and other respiratory viruses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.743
H-Index - 57
eISSN - 1750-2659
pISSN - 1750-2640
DOI - 10.1111/irv.12065
Subject(s) - oseltamivir , viral shedding , medicine , neuraminidase inhibitor , viral load , cohort , zanamivir , pandemic , influenza a virus , infectivity , virology , virus , immunology , covid-19 , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Background The duration of viral shedding is an important determinant of infectivity and transmissibility and provides vital information for effective infection prevention and control. However, few studies have evaluated viral shedding in patients admitted to hospital with 2009 H1N1 influenza and treated with oseltamivir. Objective To determine the incidence of prolonged 2009 H1N1 influenza viral shedding in patients treated for 5 days with oseltamivir and to identify factors that promote prolonged viral shedding. Methods This was a prospective, observational cohort study of 173 patients infected with 2009 H1N1 influenza (confirmed by RT ‐ PCR ) who were admitted to isolation rooms in the emergency department of our hospital between August 25, 2009 and December 31, 2009. All of the patients were treated according to institutional protocols and received routine follow‐up RT ‐ PCR testing after 5 days of oseltamivir therapy. Prolonged viral shedding was defined as a positive follow‐up RT ‐ PCR result. Result Of the 173 patients in our cohort, 88 (50·8%) showed persistent viral shedding after oseltamivir treatment. Viral shedding was significantly prolonged if antiviral therapy was started ≥2 days after symptom onset ( OR 2·74, 95% CI 1·29–5·82), if there were major comorbidities ( OR 3·07, 95% CI 1·29–7·32), and/or if respiratory symptoms were still present on the day 5 of antiviral treatment ( OR 4·13, 95% CI 2·10–8·11). Conclusions The presence of major comorbidities, a delay in initiating antiviral treatment, and continuing respiratory symptoms after 5 days of antiviral treatment are associated with prolonged shedding of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus.