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Constipation, antiepileptic drugs, and gingivitis in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy
Author(s) -
Ferreira Ana Cristina Fernandes Maria,
Mayer Marcia Pinto Alves,
Kawamoto Dione,
Santos Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
international journal of paediatric dentistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.183
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1365-263X
pISSN - 0960-7439
DOI - 10.1111/ipd.12488
Subject(s) - medicine , cerebral palsy , constipation , gingivitis , gastroenterology , pediatrics , epilepsy , logistic regression , body mass index , defecation , anesthesia , physical therapy , dentistry , psychiatry
Background Cerebral palsy ( CP ) individuals present with epilepsy, which requires the use of antiepileptic drug ( AED ). Hypothesis Since an inflammatory response may contribute to epileptogenesis, the hypothesis tested was that constipation would be associated with gingivitis and the use of AED in children and adolescents ( CA ) with CP . Design A comparative study was conducted with 101 CA aged 5‐17 years (10.8 ± 4.9), classified as constipated (G1; n = 57) or not constipated (G2; n = 44). Clinical patterns, AED used, body mass index ( BMI ), fluid intake, toilet transfer, and gingival condition were evaluated. Student's t test, chi‐squared test, and logistic regression analysis were performed ( α = 0.05). Results There were no differences between groups regarding gender ( P = 0.531), age ( P = 0.227), BMI ( P = 0.437), and fluid intake ( P = 0.346). G1, however, presented a higher percentage of quadriplegic individuals ( P < 0.001), dependency for toilet transfer ( P < 0.001), the presence of gingivitis ( P = 0.020), and the use of AED polytherapy ( P < 0.001) compared to G2. Constipation was associated with quadriplegic CA , using GABA as AED ( P = 0.002). Conclusions Mucosal inflammation evidenced by constipation and gingivitis is associated with the most neurologically compromised CA s under the use of GABA AED .