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Protective psychosocial factors and dental caries in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Author(s) -
Silva Andréa Neiva da,
Alvares de lima Solimar Tavares,
Vettore Mario Vianna
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of paediatric dentistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.183
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1365-263X
pISSN - 0960-7439
DOI - 10.1111/ipd.12375
Subject(s) - medicine , psychosocial , cohort study , cohort , locus of control , cross sectional study , medline , social support , dentistry , psychiatry , psychology , pathology , political science , law , psychotherapist
Background Psychosocial protective factors include dispositional and family attributes that may reduce the occurrence of dental caries. Aim This review analysed the evidence on the relationship between protective psychosocial factors and dental caries in children and adolescents. Design Primary studies involving children and adolescents were searched in the following electronic databases: Medline, SCOPUS , LILACS , Sci ELO , and Web of Science. The reference lists were also screened. Protective psychosocial factor descriptors were in accordance with the salutogenic theory. The outcome was clinical measure of dental caries. Quality assessments were performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Results The final search resulted in 35 studies, including 7 cohort, one case–control, and 27 cross‐sectional studies. Most studies were of moderate quality. Meta‐analyses revealed that low parental internal locus of control (cohort studies: OR = 1.42, 95% CI : 1.20–1.64; cross‐sectional studies: OR = 1.30, 95% CI : 1.19–1.41), high parental external chance ( OR = 1.20, 95% CI : 1.10–1.29), and high maternal sense of coherence ( OR = 0.77, 95% CI : 0.62–0.93) were associated with dental caries in children. High social support ( OR = 0.81, 95% CI : 0.68–0.93) and greater self‐efficacy ( OR = 1.50, 95% CI : 1.12–1.22) were also associated with dental caries in adolescents. Conclusions The current evidence suggests that some salutogenic factors are important protective factors of dental caries during childhood and adolescence.