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Exploring the genomic basis of early childhood caries: a pilot study
Author(s) -
Ballantine Jami L.,
Carlson Jenna C.,
Ferreira Zandoná Andrea G.,
Agler Cary,
Zeldin Leslie P.,
Rozier Richard Gary,
Roberts Michael W.,
Basta Patricia V.,
Luo Jason,
AntonioObese Mikafui E.,
McNeil Daniel W.,
Weyant Robert J.,
Crout Richard J.,
Slayton Rebecca L.,
Levy Steven M.,
Shaffer John R.,
Marazita Mary L.,
North Kari E.,
Divaris Kimon
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
international journal of paediatric dentistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.183
H-Index - 62
eISSN - 1365-263X
pISSN - 0960-7439
DOI - 10.1111/ipd.12344
Subject(s) - medicine , early childhood caries , confidence interval , odds ratio , genome wide association study , single nucleotide polymorphism , snp , locus (genetics) , minor allele frequency , genetics , genotype , biology , oral health , dentistry , gene
Objective A genetic component in early childhood caries ( ECC ) is theorized, but no genome‐wide investigations of ECC have been conducted. This pilot study is part of a long‐term research program aimed to: (1) determine the proportion of ECC variance attributable to the human genome and (2) identify ECC ‐associated genetic loci. Methods The study's community‐based sample comprised 212 children (mean age=39 months; range = 30–52 months; males = 55%; Hispanic/Latino = 35%, African‐American = 32%; American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry definition of ECC prevalence = 38%). Approximately 2.4 million single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP s) were genotyped using DNA purified from saliva. A P < 5 × 10 −8 criterion was used for genome‐wide significance. SNP s with P < 5 × 10 −5 were followed‐up in three independent cohorts of 921 preschool‐age children with similar ECC prevalence. Results SNP s with minor allele frequency ≥5% explained 52% (standard error = 54%) of ECC variance (one‐sided P = 0.03). Unsurprisingly, given the pilot's small sample size, no genome‐wide significant associations were found. An intergenic locus on 4q32 (rs4690994) displayed the strongest association with ECC [ P = 2.3 × 10 −6 ; odds ratio ( OR ) = 3.5; 95% confidence interval ( CI ) = 2.1–5.9]. Thirteen loci with suggestive associations were followed‐up – none showed evidence of association in the replication samples. Conclusion This study's findings support a heritable component of ECC and demonstrate the feasibility of conducting genomics studies among preschool‐age children.