Healing complications of traumatized permanent teeth in pediatric patients: a longitudinal study

Background Traumatic dental injuries ( TDI ) can affect soft and hard dental tissues and supporting structures in different ways and severity. Aim This study describes the complications associated with health in traumatized permanent teeth ( TPT ) over a 12‐month period and assesses the relationships between TDI , involved tissues, and root development ( RD ). Design The study enrolled 294 patients with 548 TPT . Data were collected on the TDI , RD , and the healing complication (HC) and when they were examined (03, 06, and 12 months). Frequencies are described and analyzed using the chi‐squared test, relative risk ( RR ), and Mantel–Haenszel analysis ( P  ≤ 0.05). Results Healing complications were present in 201 (36.68%) teeth and were more frequently diagnosed 3 months (63.68%) after the TDI . Pulp necrosis was the most common HC (38.3%), and it was significantly associated with avulsion ( P  = 0.023). Teeth with complete RD showed a tendency of developing HC over time, independent of TDI ( P  = 0.05). HC in teeth with complete RD related to support tissue trauma ( P  = 0.005) and avulsion ( P  < 0.001) appeared more frequently after 3 months. Conclusion Healing complications are more common in teeth that have suffered trauma in supporting tissues and avulsion, especially in teeth with complete RD . The HC occur more frequently in the first 3 months, and a necrotic pulp was the most common complication.