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Impacts of stove/fuel use and outdoor air pollution on chemical composition of household particulate matter
Author(s) -
Lai Alexandra M.,
Clark Sierra,
Carter Ellison,
Shan Ming,
Ni Kun,
Yang Xudong,
Baumgartner Jill,
Schauer James J.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
indoor air
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.387
H-Index - 99
eISSN - 1600-0668
pISSN - 0905-6947
DOI - 10.1111/ina.12636
Subject(s) - stove , particulates , environmental science , combustion , biomass (ecology) , air pollution , waste management , wood gas generator , pollution , briquette , environmental chemistry , coal , environmental engineering , pulp and paper industry , chemistry , engineering , ecology , organic chemistry , biology
Biomass combustion for cooking and heating releases particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) that contributes to household air pollution. Fuel and stove types affect the chemical composition of household PM, as does infiltration of outdoor PM. Characterization of these impacts can inform future exposure assessments and epidemiologic studies, but is currently limited. In this study, we measured chemical components of PM 2.5 (water‐soluble organic matter [WSOM], ions, black carbon, elements, organic tracers) in rural Chinese households using traditional biomass stoves, semi‐gasifier stoves with pelletized biomass, and/or non‐biomass stoves. We distinguished households using one stove type (traditional, semi‐gasifier, or LPG/electric) from those using multiple stoves/fuels. WSOM concentrations were higher in households using only semi‐gasifier or traditional stoves (31%‐33%) than in those with exclusive LPG/electric stove (13%) or mixed stove use (12%‐22%). Inorganic ions comprised 14% of PM in exclusive LPG/electric households, compared to 1%‐5% of PM in households using biomass. Total PAH content was much higher in households that used traditional stoves (0.8‐2.8 mg/g PM) compared to those that did not (0.1‐0.3 mg/g PM). Source apportionment revealed that biomass burning comprised 27%‐84% of PM 2.5 in households using biomass. In all samples, identified outdoor sources (vehicles, dust, coal combustion, secondary aerosol) contributed 10%‐20% of household PM 2.5 .