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PVC flooring at home and uptake of phthalates in pregnant women
Author(s) -
Shu Huan,
Jönsson Bo A. G.,
Gennings Chris,
Lindh Christian H.,
Nånberg Eewa,
Bornehag CarlGustaf
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
indoor air
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.387
H-Index - 99
eISSN - 1600-0668
pISSN - 0905-6947
DOI - 10.1111/ina.12508
Subject(s) - food science , environmental health , environmental chemistry , environmental science , chemistry , waste management , engineering , medicine
Phthalates are used as plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ) materials and it is known that phthalates may migrate into the surrounding environment and then become a source for human uptake. The aim of the study was to investigate whether residential PVC flooring was related to the urinary levels of phthalate metabolites determined in pregnant women. The data were from the Swedish SELMA study where sampling was conducted during the time period 2007‐2010. Spot urine samples from 1674 women at the end of the first trimester were analyzed for 14 metabolites from seven phthalates and one phthalate alternative. Data on flooring material in the kitchen and the parents’ bedrooms as well as potential confounders were collected by postal questionnaires at the same time as the urine samples were taken. Multiple regression modeling by least square geometric mean and weighted quantile sum regression was applied to log‐transformed and creatinine‐adjusted phthalate metabolite concentrations adjusted for potential confounders from questionnaire data. This study has found significantly higher urinary levels of the BB zP metabolite ( MB zP) in pregnant women living in homes with PVC flooring as compared to homes with other flooring materials.