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Non‐IgE mediated mast cell activation
Author(s) -
Redegeld Frank A.,
Yu Yingxin,
Kumari Sangeeta,
Charles Nicolas,
Blank Ulrich
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/imr.12629
Subject(s) - receptor , immune system , biology , immunology , innate immune system , immunoglobulin e , chemokine , pattern recognition receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , chemokine receptor , immune receptor , effector , innate lymphoid cell , inflammation , ccl18 , antibody , biochemistry
Summary Mast cells ( MC s) are innate immune cells that are scattered in tissues throughout the organism being particularly abundant at sites exposed to the environment such as the skin and mucosal surfaces. Generally known for their role in IgE‐mediated allergies, they have also important functions in the maintenance of tissue integrity by constantly sensing their microenvironment for signals by inflammatory triggers that can comprise infectious agents, toxins, hormones, alarmins, metabolic states, etc. When triggered their main function is to release a whole set of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, chemokines, and lipid products. This allows them to organize the ensuing innate immune and inflammatory response in tight coordination with resident tissue cells, other rapidly recruited immune effector cells as well as the endocrine and exocrine systems of the body. To complete these tasks, MC s are endowed with a large repertoire of receptors allowing them to respond to multiple stimuli or directly interact with other cells. Here we review some of the receptors expressed on MC s (ie, receptors for Immunoglobulins, pattern recognition receptors, nuclear receptors, receptors for alarmins, and a variety of other receptors) and discuss their functional implication in the immune and inflammatory response focusing on non‐IgE‐mediated activation mechanisms.