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Of ITIM s, ITAM s, and ITAM is: revisiting immunoglobulin Fc receptor signaling
Author(s) -
Getahun Andrew,
Cambier John C.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/imr.12336
Subject(s) - receptor , antibody , immunoglobulin g , immunology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry
Summary Receptors for immunoglobulin Fc regions play multiple critical roles in the immune system, mediating functions as diverse as phagocytosis, triggering degranulation of basophils and mast cells, promoting immunoglobulin class switching, and preventing excessive activation. Transmembrane signaling associated with these functions is mediated primarily by two amino acid sequence motifs, ITAM s (immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based activation motifs) and ITIM s (immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibition motifs) that act as the receptors’ interface with activating and inhibitory signaling pathways, respectively. While ITAM s mobilize activating tyrosine kinases and their consorts, ITIM s mobilize opposing tyrosine and inositol‐lipid phosphatases. In this review, we will discuss our current understanding of signaling by these receptors/motifs and their sometimes blurred lines of function.