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Trans‐species communication in the M ycobacterium tuberculosis‐ infected macrophage
Author(s) -
Tan Shumin,
Russell David G.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/imr.12254
Subject(s) - biology , mycobacterium tuberculosis , immune system , phenotype , macrophage , tuberculosis , immunology , host (biology) , cell metabolism , cell , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics , gene , medicine , pathology , in vitro
Summary Much of the infection cycle of M ycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is spent within its host cell, the macrophage. As a consequence of the chronic, enduring nature of the infection, this cell–cell interaction has become highly intimate, and the bacterium has evolved to detect, react to, and manipulate the evolving, immune‐modulated phenotype of its host. In this review, we discuss the nature of the endosomal/lysosomal continuum, the characterization of the bacterium's transcriptional responses during the infection cycle, and the dominant environmental cues that shape this response. We also discuss how the metabolism of both cells is modulated by the infection and the impact that this has on the progression of the granuloma. Finally, we detail how these transcriptional responses can be exploited to construct reporter bacterial strains to probe the temporal and spatial environmental shifts experienced by Mtb during the course of experimental infections. These reporter strains provide new insights into the fitness of Mtb under immune‐ and drug‐mediated pressure.

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