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Mi‐2/Nu RD chromatin remodeling complexes regulate B and T‐lymphocyte development and function
Author(s) -
Dege Carissa,
Hagman James
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/imr.12209
Subject(s) - chromatin remodeling , biology , chromatin , microbiology and biotechnology , epigenetics , histone , transcription factor , nucleosome , germinal center , b cell , genetics , gene , antibody
Summary Mi‐2/nucleosomal remodeling and deacetylase (Nu RD ) complexes are important epigenetic regulators of chromatin structure and gene expression. Mi‐2/Nu RD complexes are an assemblage of proteins that combine key epigenetic regulators necessary for (i) histone deacetylation and demethylation, (ii) binding to methylated DNA , (iii) mobilization of nucleosomes, and (iv) recruitment of additional regulatory proteins. Depending on their context in chromatin, Mi‐2/Nu RD complexes either activate or repress gene transcription. In this regard, they are important regulators of hematopoiesis and lymphopoiesis. Mi‐2/Nu RD complexes maintain pools of hematopoietic stem cells. Specifically, components of these complexes control multiple stages of B‐cell development by regulating B‐cell specific transcription. With one set of components, they inhibit terminal differentiation of germinal center B cells into plasma B cells. They also mediate gene repression together with Blimp‐1 during plasma cell differentiation. In cooperation with Ikaros, Mi‐2/Nu RD complexes also play important roles in T‐cell development, including CD 4 versus CD 8 fate decisions and peripheral T‐cell responses. Dysregulation of Nu RD during lymphopoiesis promotes leukemogenesis. Here, we review general properties of Mi‐2/Nu RD complexes and focus on their functions in gene regulation and development of lymphocytes.